Master high-quality CPR steps, compression-to-ventilation ratios, pediatric vs adult algorithms, and AHA guideline updates for medical students and interns.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest.
### Key High-Yield Points & Algorithm
1. **Chain of Survival**: Early recognition & activation -> High-quality CPR -> Rapid defibrillation -> Advanced resuscitation -> Post-cardiac arrest care.
2. **Compression Depth & Rate**: Push hard (at least 2 inches / 5 cm, max 2.4 inches in adults) and fast (100 to 120 compressions per minute). Allow full chest recoil.
3. **Compression to Ventilation Ratio**: 30:2 in single rescuer (adults, children, and infants). In 2-rescuer pediatric CPR, ratio changes to 15:2.
4. **Minimizing Interruptions**: Keep interruptions in chest compressions to less than 10 seconds.